F
To request additional definitions,
email lawbook@jurisdictionary.com.
HOA dropped their case! I can now start my life over after 10 years of unfounded harassment by greedy people! My only regret is not getting your course sooner.
... Becca C.
... Tampa, Florida
... Tampa, Florida
Defeated my neighbor's case against me. Used what you teach to get the case dismissed with prejudice. Thank you for your wonderful course.
... Joe P.
... Arlington, Washington
... Arlington, Washington
It all fell into place once I purchased your amazing self-help course! The case law I took to my attorneys was better than the "unpublished" document they offered as their "case law". They told me I should come to work for them!
... Kelly J.
... Guymon, Oklahoma
... Guymon, Oklahoma
Prosecutor dismissed all charges. My son was arrested. We found your course and filed a Motion to Dismiss supported by a 6-page memorandum, Motion for Judicial Notice, and Motion to Produce Discovery. Thank you for what you do for us.
... Michael F.
... Seattle, Washington
... Seattle, Washington
We were able to get the law in front of the judges and keep them honest thanks to you.
... Susan R.
... West Jordan, Utah
... West Jordan, Utah
Your course works! Best investment ever. Invested in my own Legal Education. Worked for me! Thanks.
... Don H.
... Atlanta, Georgia
... Atlanta, Georgia
Got my second win in the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Thanks.
... Sonny S.
... Brooklyn, New York
... Brooklyn, New York
Defeated the Bank of America, controlled my municipality, and avoided criminal prosecution ... all by using the simple methods you teach!
... Stephen M.
... Eureka, Montana
... Eureka, Montana
I got my child back!
... Tina T.
... El Paso, Texas
... El Paso, Texas
Won a three-year battle against my former attorney who ripped me off after taking my retainer payment. Thank you!
... Nathan D.
... Los Angeles, California
... Los Angeles, California
Resolved my legal battles with your outstanding law course. It feels really good to have stood my ground aggressively and, as you say, chopping them off at the knees so they can't get back up!
... Gary K.
... Jacksonville, Florida
... Jacksonville, Florida
County officials decided to settle when I used your course to take them to the 9th Circuit Appellate Court here in California. You're the best.
... Pat H.
... Sacramento, California
... Sacramento, California
You helped me keep a good kid out of jail. Keep up the good fight! Thank you.
... Michael H.
... South Yarmouth, Massachusetts
... South Yarmouth, Massachusetts
Used your method to force the other side to produce a contract they claimed I breached. When they could not, I filed a motion to dismiss. They settled. Thanks for your course! I was amazed how sound and easy to understand your lessons are.
... Joseph R.
... Miami, Florida
... Miami, Florida
I've learned so much that I decided to run for the U.S. Senate seat here. Your course gives me confidence I can be a lawmaker who knows how law is supposed to work.
... Rob T.
... Cumberland, Wisconsin
... Cumberland, Wisconsin
My attorney kept me in the dark but from your course I learned enough to realize he was trying to take my real estate for himself, and I circumvented him thanks to you!
... Anthony A.
... Decatur, Alabama
... Decatur, Alabama
I won $216,000 using your course! Sued my employer for violating my copyright. Lawyers turned me down, afraid to sue giant corporation. Best investment ever!
... Patrick D.
... Olympia, Washington
... Olympia, Washington
Defeated a West Point lawyer and my Ex (retired Army J.A.G. attorney) without a lawyer, saving myself $160,000 by using your course to point out their multiple errors. I tell everyone!
... James D.
... Reno, Nevada
... Reno, Nevada
Saved $160,000 thanks to your course!
... James D.
... Reno, Nevada
... Reno, Nevada
The judge was amazed when I outmaneuvered my opponent's team of high-priced lawyers. Lead attorney was former Assistant State Attorney General. I won because of you and your course. Thank you!
... Ronald P.
... Crawfordsville, Indiana
... Crawfordsville, Indiana
Thanks. Your course is in a class by itself and a remarkable tutor.
... Sam S.
... Coronado, California
... Coronado, California
I used what you teach to stop foreclosure. No mortgage. No foreclosure. No note. No foreclosure. Thank you!
... Ken M.
... Tampa, Florida
... Tampa, Florida
My criminal case was dismissed! I'm home with my family, thankful for your course.
... Bethany T.
... Great Barrington, Massachussets
... Great Barrington, Massachussets
Without your course I would have been another casualty of the system.
... Basile D.
... Wilson, Wyoming
... Wilson, Wyoming
I have the defendants right where they belong. I am SO indebted to you!
... Charles H.
... Augusta, Georgia
... Augusta, Georgia
I won! My attorney is in trouble! I feel wonderful. I'm very grateful!
... Kelly R.
... Pahrump, Nevada
... Pahrump, Nevada
Defeated several collection agencies and their lawyers. Your course is excellent!
... Robert S.
... Kanab, Utah
... Kanab, Utah
I won my case in the Alaska Supreme Court against my Borough government in support of citizens' right to petition government through the initiative and referendum process. Your course helped me understand the concepts necessary to prevail.
... James P.
... Nikiski, Alaska
... Nikiski, Alaska
I won favor with the Magistrate! He ruled favorably on every motion I filed! Thank God for your course! And thank God for you!
... Ursula L.
... Cincinnati, Ohio
... Cincinnati, Ohio
I won my motion at a hearing this morning. Other people waiting for their case to be called were surprised that I won, because my English is not so good. You are right. Anybody can do this!
... Julius R.
... Knoxville, Tennessee
... Knoxville, Tennessee
Fired my attorney 2 years ago and began using your course. Cornered the plaintiff and his "experienced attorney" with my demands for discovery and motions. They did not even show up for trial after chasing me 3 years to extort money in a false claim. Case closed.
... Tony M.
... Bend, Oregon
... Bend, Oregon
I have learned more in the last few days than I could have in years on my budget.
... David P.
... Alta Loma, California
... Alta Loma, California
Won a three-year battle against my former attorney who ripped me off. All by using your amazing course.
... Nathan D.
... Los Angeles, California
... Los Angeles, California
I won a criminal case at trial with two lying witnesses against me. I got Jurisdictionary and learned that law works if it's used correctly. The judge read my memorandum and agreed with me. The most wonderful feeling I ever felt was walking out of that courtroom knowing I won without a lawyer!
... Philip J.
... Albany, Georgia
... Albany, Georgia
Won my lawsuit against a major university. Thank you.
... Sandra W.
... Newark, Delaware
... Newark, Delaware
I used your course successfully. Thank you!
... Alan P.
... Belfast, Maine
... Belfast, Maine
I have filed 6 complaints against debt collectors with 22 defendants for violations of consumer laws using what you teach and never lost a case. Thank you.
... Paul J.
... Staughton, Massachussets
... Staughton, Massachussets
One of my defendants wanted to settle immediately. I am so glad I read your teaching on the complaint before I filed it.
... Larry S.
... Des Moines, Iowa
... Des Moines, Iowa
I beat 3 criminal cases, thanks to your course!
... Alex A.
... Stockton, California
... Stockton, California
Opposing party dismissed their case against me. Thank you for the knowledge and insight you provided through your course.
... Gerald C.
... Tucker, Georgia
... Tucker, Georgia
I ordered your course on May 31st, and by June 28th the lawsuit against me was "Dismissed with Prejudice." Many thanks as I was clueless until I reviewed your videos and excellent classes.
... Tracy B.
... Beltsville, Maryland
... Beltsville, Maryland
Controlled my grandfather’s useless attorneys. They told me I was wrong. I won by stopping the judge with precedent and a court reporter. Your course made all the difference.
... Jeffrey M.
... Chicago, Illinois
... Chicago, Illinois
I won $20,000! I smoked them on depositions. I caught one lawyer submitting false evidence and got him fired. They started with 4 lawyers then added 3 more, but I won the case against them all!
... Robert C.
... Steubenville, Ohio
... Steubenville, Ohio
I survived a federal appeal in the 9th Circuit by using what you teach. Thank you!
... Ivette R.
... Richmond, California
... Richmond, California
Another victory! They backed off as soon as they received my demands! You are a prayer answered from the Lord!
... Sam T.
... Dallas, Texas
... Dallas, Texas
I won! I defeated a felony charge and 10 misdemeanor charges. I fired the public defender and fought the case with your course. Everything was dismissed!
... Natalie W.
... Utica, New York
... Utica, New York
Successfully used your course in divorce/family court. I wish to thank you!
... Rita F.
... Chicago, Illinois
... Chicago, Illinois
It's not a law course. It's a life course! Armed with Jurisdictionary I was able to defeat one of the biggest junk debt companies and their team of 6 lawyers!
... Kevin Z.
... Norman, Oklahoma
... Norman, Oklahoma
Settled my case! Without your course I would never have gotten to 1st base.
... Larry S.
... Orlando, Florida
... Orlando, Florida
Wow! Amazing! This course is a dream of mine that came true. I'll never forget you and this course. I'll advertise for you so others can learn how to win in court.
... Charles S.
... Houston, Texas
... Houston, Texas
Beat 3 collection agencies. Ecstatic about my victories. Prior to your fine program, I was one of the ignorant herd these people prey upon. Your user-friendly course is the best $249 I've ever spent. My wife overheard plaintiff's attorney say, "Don't mess with that guy!" Wow!
... Donald B.
... St. Louis, Missouri
... St. Louis, Missouri
Jurisdictionary WORKS! Won against a powerful attorney. Even the other attorneys in the gallery were talking about it.
... Kathy A.
... Huntersville, North Carolina
... Huntersville, North Carolina
I stayed on top. Neither the courts nor the bank could knock me out, all because of the education received in your course.
... Holly M.
... Arvada, Colorado
... Arvada, Colorado
Opposing party is calling it quits after a year and a half of hellacious litigation. Thank you!
... Patrick D.
... The Dalles, Oregon
... The Dalles, Oregon
I bought your course, and it paid off!
... Ruben P.
... Miami, Florida
... Miami, Florida
Won every case for 4 years using your program. Keep up the amazing work!
... John M.
... Phenix City, Alabama
... Phenix City, Alabama
The other side dismissed when we filed a Motion to Strike Sham Complaint, like you show in your course. We were so happy we were crying with joy. We won! I cannot thank you enough for making it easy to learn.
... Tyler G.
... Olympia, Washington
... Olympia, Washington
Won 4 motions in court yesterday. Wish I had your tutorials a year ago!
... Linda S.
... Roswell, Georgia
... Roswell, Georgia
Wish I had a picture of the opposing attorney's face when I objected to his attempt to get an affidavit admitted! Thanks!
... B.J.H.
... Pasadena, Maryland
... Pasadena, Maryland
Took on the City of Omaha and won using your course. I was featured on a popular radio show to give proof "one man can defeat City Hall". Thank you!
... John M.
... Omaha, Nebraska
... Omaha, Nebraska
I WON using your course! My attorney is in trouble! She will not be doing this to anyone else. I praise not only God but you, the ethical attorney God led me to. I'm very grateful!
... Kathryn R.
... Pahrump, Nevada
... Pahrump, Nevada
A guide to the rules attorneys follow in civil lawsuits.
... The Charlotte Observer
... Charlotte, North Carolina
... Charlotte, North Carolina
I felt like I was going into a gun fight without a gun. You gave me the gun and the bullets. Now it is an even fight. Your course is gold for me.
... Alfred S.
... Buffalo, New York
... Buffalo, New York
I won! I used your course to file a Motion to Dismiss for Failure to State a Cause of Action and a Motion for More Definite Statement. The bogus case against me was dismissed.
... Clark R.
... Waltham, Massachusetts
... Waltham, Massachusetts
I won in court for the 2nd time using your course. I encourage anyone thinking about hiring a lawyer to get your course first.
... Robert J.
... Bruce Crossing, Michigan
... Bruce Crossing, Michigan
Won my Eminent Domain case using your course. Thank you!
... Robert K.
... Jacksonville, Florida
... Jacksonville, Florida
I was able to defend myself with your help.
... Kimberly T.
... Henderson, Nevada
... Henderson, Nevada
Won my appeal in the 2nd District Court in Florida because of your excellent course.
... Roger P.
... Palm Harbor, Florida
... Palm Harbor, Florida
I won $11,000 lawsuit against a bank by using your course. I was amazed how easy it is to understand! It gave me confidence. The bank's case was dismissed with prejudice! Thank you for making a great course. I got back much more than the cost. I got back my dignity! God bless you!
... Reynaldo N.
... Mundelein, Illinois
... Mundelein, Illinois
Forced my ex-partner to settle for $50,000. Sued him using your excellent teachings! Thanks for your excellent course.
... Kevin C.
... North Conway, New Hampshire
... North Conway, New Hampshire
Won unemployment benefits hearing on my own. Without your Jurisdictionay training, I would not have been effective. The course paid for itself. Your course is a blessing.
... Ben J.
... Los Angeles, California
... Los Angeles, California
Forced my bank to release an illegal hold on my account. Bank's lawyer said I couldn't do it, but I got my money back thanks to you!
... Tim T.
... Abingdon, Virginia
... Abingdon, Virginia
Defeated a 35-year veteran lawyer I've been fighting the last 3 years. Most of this victory is credited to your course. I can't thank you enough.
... Bill J.
... Columbus, Ohio
... Columbus, Ohio
I finally won my lawsuit in the New York Supreme Court of Appeals. It took 8 years and representing myself in 5 different courts, but I won at last. Thank you and God bless You.
... Susan Z.
... Harpersfield, New York
... Harpersfield, New York
Cleaned their clock using your methods. Other side had 3 attorneys. Their case came down like a ton of bricks when I proved their elements were not there. Thank you!
... Michael L.
... Springville, New York
... Springville, New York
A grateful "Thank You" for this excellent course.
... Barbara R.
... Los Angeles, California
... Los Angeles, California
Everything You Need
Click Previews Below
- Fact
- A fact is an established truth, something that is evident, clearly seen, indisputable, beyond doubt. This term is widely misused by lawyers today, perhaps because some lawyers are more intent on winning their cases than sticking closely to the truth. Facts are facts ... not guesses, hunches, beliefs, opinions, inferences, or suppositions. It may be a fact that someone has an opinion, for example, but the opinion itself is only an opinion, not a fact ... regardless of the education or stature of the person who holds the opinion. Facts exist. Facts are real. Facts are not fanciful constructions of the mind. Facts are facts. Like Jack Webb used to say as Joe Friday on the "Dragnet" TV series, "We just want the facts, ma’am." Today’s courts are perhaps too inundated by outrageous performances by which lawyers seek to lead juries to believe hypotheses based solely on opinions, circumstances, or unsupported legal rhetoric and courtroom drama. Facts should be the bedrock of American justice. Facts and facts alone.
- False
- That which is not true. That which is false should never be admitted as evidence. A false statement intentionally made by a witness under oath constitutes perjury, a felony crime in most jurisdictions, punishable by imprisonment. Perjury in courts martial during time of war may be punishable by death. Finding the falseness in your opponent’s case and putting it on the public record as admissible evidence is the key to winning lawsuits. Justice has so ordered the universe that the false often creates its own defeat, i.e., the party whose case is a mere fabrication is usually found out. Cross-examination is a tool that easily discovers the false and vindicates the true.
- Falsehood
- Any statement containing an allegation that is false. If only one small part of the statement contains a false allegation then, even if the false part is insignificant and the rest of the statement is true as true can be, just courts are required to treat the statement as false. Falsehoods in a statement are like weak links in an otherwise strong chain. It matters not at all how strong the other links may be, if one of the links is a lie then the chain is worthless and cannot be relied upon in court. Just as a chain can be no stronger than its weakest link, a statement can be no more true than the lie that lurks within it.
- Fee Simple
- Same as fee simple absolute.
- Fee Simple Absolute
- This is the most complete form of title to real property (land) an individual can hold. Ownership in fee simple absolute is complete ownership ... well, as complete as complete gets in this lifetime (since the Sovereign ultimately "owns" all land, and individuals only temporarily hold "title"). The fee includes all that’s on the surface within property boundaries, all that’s below the surface to the very center of Earth, and all that’s above the surface upward to the infinite reaches of the universe. Other forms of ownership include life estates, tenants in common, joint tenancies, and conditional tenancies. Fee title (like all other title held by individuals) is always subject to rights of the sovereign that owns paramount title and can, for example, dispossess even fee simple title holders if taxes are not paid.)
- Fees
- Fees, i.e., attorneys’ fees, are a critical factor to be carefully considered when deciding whether to sue or not to sue in civil courts. In most American jurisdictions, the prevailing party is awarded his costs but is not entitled to recover the expense of paying his lawyers. There are exceptions, and these vary from state to state, however in most cases both litigants must bear the financial burden of paying their lawyers. Unless the amount sought by the lawsuit is quite large, therefore, it may be a foolish enterprise to sue if you are going to require the services of a lawyer. In Florida’s civil courts, an award of attorneys’ fees can be obtained by the prevailing party in only three circumstances: (1) the issue is one pertaining to the terms of a contract, and the contract contains a clause providing an award of attorneys’ fees to the prevailing party, (2) the issue is one controlled by some statute or other public law that provides for an award of attorneys’ fees to the prevailing party, or (3) the court determines at the conclusion of the litigation that there never was any genuine issue of material fact or law, i.e., that the case was "open and shut" with no reasonable chance for the loser to win. Unless the facts and law in your case are so clear-cut that there is no "genuine issue" to put before the judge, or unless a contract exists that entitles the winner to recover his lawyers’ fees, or unless the issues in the lawsuit arise from some law that provides for the winner to recover his attorneys’ fees (as in Florida’s residential but not commercial landlord-tenant disputes), you cannot make the other side pay you for fees your lawyers charge. In most jurisdictions the winner is permitted to recover his costs, e.g., filing fees, court reporter’s fees, costs of deposition and hearing transcripts, and such like) but not fees paid to lawyers. If you sue on a contract make sure there’s an attorneys’ fee provision in the contract. If you sue for breach of some public law or statute, check for attorneys’ fees provisions in the law. If you sue on some other issue and are absolutely certain you can make your case "open and shut", i.e., without the slightest scintilla of any genuine issue of material fact or law, make certain your jurisdiction provides for an award of attorneys’ fees before proceeding. The amount attorneys charge sometimes exceeds what a lawsuit is worth. Beware of this pitfall that awaits the uninformed litigant.
- Felony
- Breach of public duty authorizing incarceration by force or other loss of civil rights as punishment for crime. Crime punishable by imprisonment, other restraint, or forfeiture of rights. See misdemeanor.
- Fiduciary
- This term comes from the root for "faith". A fiduciary relationship, for example, is one based on faith - e.g., a trustee or guardian in whom in entrusted a responsibility to act faithfully with regard to the property of others. Such a person is often called, simply, a fiduciary. When one occupies a fiduciary position, the law holds that person to a high standard of responsibility ... the breach of which can result in heavy penalties.
- Finder of Fact
- In a non-jury trial, the judge is said to be the finder of fact, ruling upon what is true and what is not. In a jury trial, the jury is the finder of fact, ruling upon what is true and what is not ... while the judge rules on the application of law to the facts that are found by the jury to be true. The judge always rules on the application of laws to fact. The finder of fact decides only the verity of evidence presented.
- First Breach
- Foreclose
- To terminate rights in a matter. Most cases before the courts result in judicial decisions that grant one party certain rights and remedies, while foreclosing the rights and remedies of the other party, i.e., terminating the further claims of the losing party in favor of the winner. At the conclusion of probate proceedings, the rights of those entitled to an interest in the decedent’s estate are established, and the rights of all others are foreclosed, i.e., judicially terminated. See foreclosure.
- Foreclosure
- Any judicial proceeding instigated to foreclose the rights of defendant parties to the action. Most actions for foreclosure involve defaulted promissory notes and mortgages, the aim of the lawsuit being to foreclose the rights of a mortgagor (usually a homeowner) in favor of a mortgagee (usually a bank). When the foreclosure action is concluded, the rights of the mortgagor are forever terminated, i.e., the rights of the mortgagor are foreclosed.
- Fraud
- Fraud is deceit in practice. To be actionable it must be intentional. Most fraud actions are brought to recover damages from a party who misleads another in order to gain some advantage or deprive the other of one or more rights. If the person defrauded reasonably relied on the fraud and suffered injury, the courts provide a remedy in money or in some cases an injunctive order to make the injured party whole again. When pleading fraud, one must be very specific spelling out the facts of what took place, how it was intentional, how the plaintiff reasonably relied, how it caused the plaintiff injury, and how the falsehood or intentional mis-statement of facts was intentionally used by the defendant to cause the injury. (There is no such thing as "negligent fraud". The fraudulent act or failure to act must be intentional.)
- Fungible
- This peculiar term is usually applied in cases where a plaintiff attempts to use conversion as a cause of action to recover damages for the taking of money. Money is "fungible", because any dollar can be replaced by any other dollar, i.e., the value of one dollar is no different from the value of another dollar. The law does not permit conversion to be used as a cause of action to recover damages for the taking of money, unless the "money" is something like a coin collection that is NOT "fungible", i.e., NOT replaceable by the substitute of just any other coins. One can use conversion to sue for the taking of a bicycle or other "tangible personal property" but not for the taking of money (or the taking of land which is "real property".